{"id":13576,"date":"2017-08-15T03:35:16","date_gmt":"2017-08-15T03:35:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/union-sure.com\/?p=13576"},"modified":"2017-08-15T03:35:16","modified_gmt":"2017-08-15T03:35:16","slug":"lycium-barbarum-goji-berry-extracts-taurine-component-inhibit-ppar-%ce%b3-dependent-gene-transcription-human-retinal-pigment-epithelial-cells-possible-implications-diabetic-retinopat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.union-sure.com\/lycium-barbarum-goji-berry-extracts-taurine-component-inhibit-ppar-%ce%b3-dependent-gene-transcription-human-retinal-pigment-epithelial-cells-possible-implications-diabetic-retinopat\/","title":{"rendered":"Lycium barbarum (Goji Berry) extracts and its taurine component inhibit PPAR-\u03b3-dependent gene transcription in human retinal pigment epithelial cells: Possible implications for diabetic retinopathy treatment"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/union-sure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/\u98de\u4fe1\u622a\u56fe20170815112236.jpg?ssl=1\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-13577\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/union-sure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/\u98de\u4fe1\u622a\u56fe20170815112236.jpg?resize=608%2C125&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"608\" height=\"125\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"Head\">\n<p class=\"article-title\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20pt;\"><em>Lycium barbarum<\/em> (Goji Berry) extracts and its taurine component inhibit PPAR-\u03b3-dependent gene transcription in human retinal pigment epithelial cells: Possible implications for diabetic retinopathy treatment<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"Banner\">\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<div class=\"AuthorGroups\">\n<div class=\"author-group\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">M.K.Song, N.K.Salam, Basil D.Roufogalis, T.H.W.Huang\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"author-group\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"author-group\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Received 17 May 2011, Accepted 20 July 2011, Available online 27 July 2011.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"Abstracts\">\n<div id=\"aep-abstract-id15\" class=\"abstract author\">\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id16\">\n<p id=\"spar0010\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-\u03b3 (PPAR-\u03b3) is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy is a preventable microvascular diabetic complication that damages human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Taurine is abundant in the fruit of <em>Lycium barbarum<\/em> (Goji Berry), and is reportedly beneficial for diabetic retinopathy. However, the mechanism of its action is unknown. Hence, we have investigated the mechanism of action of an extract from <em>L. barbarum<\/em> on a model of diabetic retinopathy, the retinal ARPE-19 cell line, and identified the receptor function of taurine, an active component of <em>L. barbarum<\/em> (Goji Berry) extract, which is potentially responsible for the protective effect on diabetic retinopathy. We demonstrate for the first time that <em>L. barbarum<\/em> extract and its taurine component dose-dependently enhance PPAR-\u03b3 luciferase activity in HEK293 cell line transfected with PPAR-\u03b3 reporter gene. This activity was significantly decreased by a selective PPAR-\u03b3 antagonist GW9662. Moreover, <em>L. barbarum<\/em> extract and taurine dose-dependently enhanced the expression of PPAR-\u03b3 mRNA and protein. In an inflammation model where ARPE-19 cells were exposed to high glucose <em>L. barbarum<\/em> extract and taurine down-regulated the mRNA of pro-inflammatory mediators encoding MMP-9, fibronectin and the protein expression of COX-2 and iNOS proteins. The predicted binding mode of taurine in the PPAR-\u03b3 ligand binding site mimics key electrostatic interactions seen with known PPAR-\u03b3 agonists. We conclude that PPAR-\u03b3 activation by <em>L. barbarum<\/em> extract is associated with its taurine content and may explain at least in part its use in diabetic retinopathy progression.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"aep-abstract-id12\" class=\"abstract graphical\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Graphical abstract<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id13\"><\/div>\n<figure id=\"fig0035\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ars.els-cdn.com\/content\/image\/1-s2.0-S000629521100565X-fx1.jpg?h=200&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Unlabelled figure\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"Keywords\">\n<div id=\"aep-keywords-id17\" class=\"keyword-section\">\n<p class=\"keyword-title\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Abbreviations<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">PPAR-\u03b3, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-\u03b3; LB, fruit from Lycium barbarum; RT-PCR, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; HEK, human embryonic kidney; ARPE-19, human retinal epithelial cell line; DR, diabetic retinopathy; RG, rosiglitazone; PG, 15-deoxy-\u039412,14-prostaglandin J2;<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"keyword\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"keyword\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"aep-keywords-id18\" class=\"keyword-section\">\n<p class=\"keyword-title\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Keywords<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"keyword-title\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Taurine<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-\u03b3<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Diabetic retinopathy<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Human retinal pigment epithelial cell<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"keyword-title\"><em>This is a literature on the study of goji\u00a0berry and antioxidants .\u00a0You can <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S000629521100565X\">click here <\/a>to read the full text.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lycium barbarum (Goji Berry) extracts and its taurine component inhibit PPAR-\u03b3-dependent gene transcription in human retinal pigment epithelial cells: Possible implications for diabetic retinopathy treatment M.K.Song, N.K.Salam, Basil D.Roufogalis, T.H.W.Huang\u00a0 Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia Received 17 May 2011, Accepted 20 July 2011, Available online 27 July 2011. Abstract The &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.union-sure.com\/lycium-barbarum-goji-berry-extracts-taurine-component-inhibit-ppar-%ce%b3-dependent-gene-transcription-human-retinal-pigment-epithelial-cells-possible-implications-diabetic-retinopat\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Lycium barbarum (Goji Berry) extracts and its taurine component inhibit PPAR-\u03b3-dependent gene transcription in human retinal pigment epithelial cells: Possible implications for diabetic retinopathy treatment<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13157,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v19.2 (Yoast SEO v22.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Lycium barbarum (Goji Berry) extracts and its taurine 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